The European inventory on validation of non-formal and informal learning provides an unrivaled source of information detailing how validation of prior learning is developing across Europe. It shows that validation strategies and legislation, despite complexity of the task before them, have been developing slowly but steadily. However, there is room for improvement, especially concerning reliability of information on take-up and use of validation arrangements. This fifth update of the inventory comprises a portfolio of more than 1,000 pages, providing an overview of validation across 33 European countries. It includes examples of good practice and a thematic analysis of issues relating to further development and implementation of validation.