A chief purpose of schooling is for students to master the knowledge and skills contained in the curriculum. Schools, however, can also intentionally build personal competencies that are necessary for students' success in school, the purposeful navigation of life's challenges, and the pursuit of personal interests and ambitions. A personal competency is an ever-evolving accumulation of related capabilities that facilitate learning and other forms of goal attainment. Four personal competencies are particularly salient: cognitive competency, metacognitive competency, motivational competency, and social/emotional competency. These personal competencies can be enhanced through instruction and by example, as part of the academic curriculum, in extracurricular programs, and through engagement of families. They include their own specific clusters of knowledge and skills as well as values, attitudes, and learning habits (patterns of behavior). An expanded goal for education includes intentional enhancement of personal competencies as well as mastery of the curriculum's specific knowledge and skills. In asserting a higher profile for personal competencies in goals for education, a personal competency framework is in order. This document defines key components of a personal competency framework, then goes on to propose and detail six elements of a Personal Competency framework. They are: (1) Personal Competencies (Cognitive, Metacognitive, Motivational, Social/Emotional); (2) Learning Habits; (3) Mastery; (4) Competency Enhancement; (5) Competency Reinforcement; and (6) Contexts. Learning in school is a matter of goal attainment-the pursuit of myriad learning tasks in order to achieve mastery of the curriculum's knowledge and skills. As with other forms of goal attainment, school learning requires the integrated exercise of four personal competencies: cognitive, metacognitive, motivational, and social/emotional. As the personal competencies are routinely engaged in learning, they form patterns of behavior that students set in motion with each new learning challenge. The personal competencies are malleable, and they are enhanced most effectively when given focus in the curriculum, school culture, and instructional practices. A glossary is included.