In Russia as well as in foreign countries we can witness sort of the confusion of the terms of "media education" and "media literacy". There are quite a few differences in theoretical approaches to media education, to distinguishing of the most important aims, objectives, means of introduction into the teaching process, etc. These are the reasons why the author addressed to the leading Russian and foreign media educators asking them to answer the special survey aimed at the clearing up of the following questions: (1) which of the well known definitions of media education and media literacy are supported the most among the experts; (2) what media education aims and theories seem as the most important; (3) how these theories and purposes correspond to the modern socio-cultural context of different countries; and (4) what way of the integration of the media education into schools and universities, supplementary educational and recreational institutions is seen as the most preferable. There is an appendix following chapter 4: Questions on the topic "Attitude of the School Teachers to Media Education of Pupils and University Students".