As state policymakers implement statewide longitudinal data systems that collect, store, link and share student-level data, it is critical that they understand applicable privacy and data security standards and laws designed to ensure the privacy, security, and confidentiality of that data. To help state policymakers navigate this complex legal landscape, the Data Quality Campaign has partnered with Education Counsel and the Information Management Practice of Nelson Mullins Riley & Scarborough to develop "Using Data to Improve Education: A Legal Reference Guide to Protecting Student Privacy and Data Security." This guide provides summaries of multiple federal and state laws that have implications for statewide longitudinal data systems. State policymakers recognize the potential for identity theft and fraud associated with the careless use and disclosure of social security numbers (SSNs). It is important to consider state and federal laws protecting SSNs in designing and administering statewide longitudinal data systems. This resource provides a state-by-state analysis of SSN protection laws.