Quality schoolyards provide opportunities for the physical challenges, exercise, sensory play, fantasy play, organized sports, and unsupervised free play that allow for healthy, well-rounded development. Schoolyards should be safe places where children practice social skills and develop an appreciation for the feelings of others and the complexities of the natural environment. With funding from The Prince Charitable Trusts, the 21st Century School Fund surveyed District of Columbia public elementary school outdoor space in the spring and summer of 2010. This review identified key elements of healthy, safe, and educationally rich schoolyards.