The problem of middle adolescent substance use and abuse among high school age males was examined. Financial and socio-emotional costs and rates of incidence for substance use and abuse among high school males are addressed followed by a discussion of social, environmental, and intra-psychic factors, which influence substance use and abuse. To assist the school psychologist in understanding why adolescent males engage in substance use and abuse, three theoretical models are presented, which provide a context for addressing substance use and abuse. Together, these models and related factors assist the school psychologist in understanding the scholastic and social consequences of high school male substance use and abuse. Specific reference is made to males who also have special educational needs at the high school level. Implications for this population are discussed related to substance use and abuse which include assessment dilemmas, prevention and intervention efforts through a three tier model, as well as a discussion of three exemplary prevention programs for school psychologists to implement at the high school level. Through review of the literature, intervention strategies are highlighted through primary, secondary, and tertiary approaches that are suitable for application by school psychologists to address the problem of substance use and abuse. Suggested graduate training for school psychologists at the Master's and Doctoral levels with respect to substance use and abuse is also provided. [The dissertation citations contained here are published with the permission of ProQuest LLC. Further reproduction is prohibited without permission. Copies of dissertations may be obtained by Telephone (800) 1-800-521-0600. Web page: http://www.proquest.com.bibliotheek.ehb.be/en-US/products/dissertations/individuals.shtml.]