The research studies features of self-regulation of schoolchildren in the age of eight to nine and 11 to 12 years. The sample consisting of 30 students (12 boys and 18 girls) has been divided into two groups--students with good and poor school progress. The school results are compared with the results of neuropsychological tests and the level of learning motivation. The family upbringing style has been studied as well. In the course of neuropsychological research, the difference in the level of maturing of frontal lobes of brain has been found out. According to this fact, the level of self-regulation of each student was evaluated and every participant was marked as having high, medium or low level. The research showed that some defects of self-regulation of psychic states can be compensated. More serious defects prevent from maturing conscious self-regulation of activity even in the case of safe intellect. The style of family upbringing has influence on the maturing of the conscious self-regulation. High level of self-regulation corresponds to the adequate style of family upbringing, meaning that there is a balanced system of rights and duties for a child and his/her need for self-sufficiency is not ignored. On the contrary, low level of self-regulation usually combines with conniving hyper-protection and unsteady style. (Contains 3 tables and 3 figures.)