The rapid adoption of information technology and ubiquitous networking has transformed the research and education landscape. Central to this transformation are scientific and engineering digital data collections. The life cycle management challenges associated with these intellectual assets are substantial. This is a report of a two-day workshop that examined the role of research and academic libraries with other partners in the stewardship of scientific and engineering digital data. Workshop participants explored issues concerning the need for new partnerships and collaborations among domain scientists, librarians, and data scientists to better manage digital data collections; necessary infrastructure development to support digital data; and the need for sustainable economic models to support long-term stewardship of scientific and engineering digital data for the nation's cyberinfrastructure. The workshop builds on prior studies supported by the National Science Foundation (NSF), engaging numerous research communities. It reflects the recognition, voiced in many NSF workshop reports, that digital data stewardship is fundamental to the future of scientific and engineering research and the education enterprise, and hence to innovation and competitiveness. Overall, it is clear that an ecology of institutional arrangements among individuals and organizations, sharing an infrastructure, will be required to address the particularities of heterogeneous digital data and diverse scholarly and professional cultures. The background of the workshop is described in Chapter I. Descriptions of the discussions of the three major topics from the three breakout groups and in plenary sessions are provided in Chapters II, III, and IV, and Chapter V discusses additional topics raised in the plenary sessions and final recommendations. Appended are: (1) List of Participants; (2) Agenda; (3) Plenary Papers; (4) Breakout Session Reports; (5) Position Papers; and (6) Examples of Scientific Community Archives. (Contains 11 figures, 2 boxes, 20 footnotes and 5 endnotes.)