This study was designed to investigate the influence of self-efficacy on the college persistence of students. More specifically, this study explored how pre-entry and second semester academic and social self efficacies affect the academic integration, social integration, and institutional retention of college students. In addition, this study explored if the relationship between self-efficacy and persistence varied as a function of institutional selectivity. Student persistence theories, Ajzen's Theory of Planned Behavior (1985), and Bandura's Social Cognitive Theory (1997) were used to theoretically ground this study. Regression results demonstrated that pre-entry academic and social self-efficacies significantly influenced academic and social integration, but did not directly influence institutional retention. Investigation of second semester self-efficacy perceptions and persistence resulted in a significant relationship with a differential impact based on institutional selectivity. Findings suggest institutions can bolster student persistence through interventions aimed at strengthening self-efficacy perceptions. [The dissertation citations contained here are published with the permission of ProQuest LLC. Further reproduction is prohibited without permission. Copies of dissertations may be obtained by Telephone (800) 1-800-521-0600. Web page: http://www.proquest.com.bibliotheek.ehb.be/en-US/products/dissertations/individuals.shtml.]