Research findings demonstrate that effective drug treatment often involves AA's 12 Step program. However, AA's religiosity can be seen as an important, perhaps significant emotional stimulus that either hinders or complicates attendance compliance. This study examined the individual's level of religiosity as a predictor of emotional responses, perceived pressure, and compliance with mandated participation in 12 Step groups. Data were collected using a demographic questionnaire; modified versions of the MacArthur Perceived Coercion Scale (PCS), the Religious Background and Behavior questionnaire (RBB), and the Impact of Hearing Scale (IOH); and a single item assessing the respondent's self-reported length of time between getting the referral and actual attendance at the first group meeting (STC). A convenience sample of 115 individuals attending AA and NA groups in a large metropolitan area in the Midwestern U.S participated in the study. The findings of this study showed mixed relationships between religiosity and dependent variables. Lifetime religiosity was associated with shorter delays in compliance and past year religiosity with longer delays. Lifetime religiosity was unrelated to emotional responses to court mandated attendance at 12 Step groups, while past year religiosity was associated with positive emotional responses. Lifetime religiosity was associated with low levels of perceived pressure while past year religiosity showed no relationship. Religiosity mediated the effect of emotion and perceived pressure on compliance: participants who reported established religious beliefs and behavior perceived more freedom and control to attend 12 Step groups, had more positive emotion, and were more likely to attend 12 Step meetings within one week of being referred or told to attend. The findings of this study suggest that compatibility between the individual's belief system and the beliefs of the 12 Step group may contribute to improved start time compliance rates and strengthen the referral process for individuals who are court mandated to attend 12 Step groups. [The dissertation citations contained here are published with the permission of ProQuest LLC. Further reproduction is prohibited without permission. Copies of dissertations may be obtained by Telephone (800) 1-800-521-0600. Web page: http://www.proquest.com.bibliotheek.ehb.be/en-US/products/dissertations/individuals.shtml.]