There are a wide variety of theories, beliefs, and practices as to what constitutes intelligence, how to define and measure giftedness, and why gifted students academically achieve or underachieve. However, while the current trend is to include other gifted eligibility criteria, in addition to mental ability, more studies are needed as to how academic success relates to gifted eligibility requirements. This study utilized a quantitative research design to compare the Grade Point Averages of recently graduated seniors (N=25), who had previously been identified as gifted based on the Forsyth County School System and the state of Georgia's procedures and rules determining such status. Of the 25, 13 (52%) were males, and 12 (48%) were female, nine (36%) had qualified under the psychometric approach and 16 (64%) became eligible under the multiple criteria approach. While all qualified for the gifted program while attending Forsyth County schools, the grade levels at which eligibility was established ranged from as early as Kindergarten to Grade 8. Data was collected from each participant's gifted folder, as well as from the system's online grading program. Descriptive statistical methods, one-tailed "t"-tests, and probability ("p") values were used in the analysis of the data. Results indicated no significant differences in academic performance, as measured by the academic Overall, Language Arts/Social Studies, and Math/Science GPAs, when compared to eligibility criteria results. However, this study offers several implications and recommendations for school systems and individual schools as to the identification, curriculum, instructional planning, and support of their gifted students. [The dissertation citations contained here are published with the permission of ProQuest LLC. Further reproduction is prohibited without permission. Copies of dissertations may be obtained by Telephone (800) 1-800-521-0600. Web page: http://www.proquest.com.bibliotheek.ehb.be/en-US/products/dissertations/individuals.shtml.]