The National Science Board (Board) is required under the National Science Foundation (NSF) Act, 42 U.S.C. (United States Code) Section 1863 (j) (1) to prepare and transmit the biennial "Science and Engineering Indicators" ("SEI") report to the President and to the Congress by January 15 of every even-numbered year. The report is prepared by the NSF Division of Science Resources Statistics (SRS) under the guidance of the Board. It is subject to extensive review by Board members, outside experts, interested federal agencies, and SRS internal reviewers for accuracy, coverage, and balance. Indicators are quantitative representations--summaries--of factors relevant to the scope, quality, and vitality of the science and engineering (S&E) enterprise. "SEI" is the major authoritative source of these high-quality U.S. and international data. "SEI" is factual and policy-neutral; it neither offers policy options nor makes policy recommendations. The indicators included in the report are intended to contribute to the understanding of the current S&E environment. This digest of key S&E indicators draws from the Board's "Science and Engineering Indicators 2010", the 19th volume of this biennial series. The digest serves to draw attention to important trends and data points from across "SEI 2010" and to introduce readers to the data resources available in the report. A list of glossary and key to acronyms and a list of online resources are presented. [For the related reports, see "Science and Engineering Indicators 2010" (ED514060) and "Globalization of Science and Engineering Research: A Companion to the Science and Engineering Indicators 2010" (ED514062).]