The purpose of this study is to evaluate, from a national perspective, the impact and outcomes of market reform in vocational education and training (VET), particularly the introduction of competitive tendering and "user choice". It does so by examining the structure, composition and dynamics of contestable or "quasi-markets" for VET, assessing the impact and effects of market reform on providers and clients, and evaluating the outcomes, both intended and unintended, of market reform in VET. It also attempts to identify how existing market arrangements could be improved to produce more effective outcomes. The research for this study comprises several elements: (1) a review of local and international literature on market reform in public services, including VET; (2) an examination of the policy, financial and regulatory framework for VET markets, including market mechanisms; (3) an analysis of national data on participation and finances in VET; (4) an investigation of the structure, composition and dynamics of VET markets; and (5) an evaluation of the outcomes of market reform in VET against key preconditions and performance indicators. Overall, the research suggests that, as a result of market reform, TAFE institutes and non-TAFE registered training organisations are trading places with respect to income sources and organisational identity, values and priorities, with non-TAFE organisations becoming more dependent on government VET funds and TAFE institutes less so. Such changes have potentially detrimental implications for the public good. The report concludes by arguing the need for a more creative and judicious mix of state planning and market forces, one which serves the needs and interests of all stakeholders and preserves the distinctive character and mission of the public VET sector. Two appendices are included: (1) Technical note; and (2) Glossary. (Contains 9 tables and 1 figure.) [Funding for this report was provided by the Department of Education, Science and Training.]