This report provides an overview of the field of adult English for speakers of other languages (ESOL) instruction in the United States today. First, it places adult ESOL in the broader context of the U.S. education system, and then it describes trends and issues in the areas of program design and instructional practice, assessment, teacher training and professional development, integration of research and practice, and technology. The paper's intent is to give educators and education policymakers a clear view of where the field of teaching adult English language learners is today, so they can continue to build a more effective delivery system on the foundation of promising practices.