In the United States, racial/ethnic disparities exist across an array of domains. A broad literature addresses how racial/ethnic disparities have developed and persisted over time in the context of historical and structural racism that has shaped policies, practices, and programs in ways that create disadvantage for certain groups. In recognition that many of these inequities are great for boys and men of color, The California Endowment asked the RAND Corporation to examine and document racial/ethnic disparities for boys and men of color in California. The study provides detailed information for selected indicators in four broad outcome domains: (1) socioeconomic; (2) health; (3) safety; and (4) ready to learn. The goal was to analyze available data and quantify the magnitude of the disparities for boys and men of color, with the aim of identifying possible starting points for addressing them. In spite of large disparities in the identified domains, the report concludes that approaches at the macro, community, interpersonal, and individual levels can diminish those disparities, and that interventions at different levels are likely to reinforce and strengthen each other. In sum, the unequal chances that boys and men of color face are not immutable, and an increasing amount is known about how to improve those chances. [This Highlight summarizes RAND Health research reported in the following publication: Davis, L. M., Kilburn, M. R., and Schultz, D., "Reparable Harm: Assessing and Addressing Disparities Faced by Boys and Men of Color in California," Santa Monica, Calif.: RAND Corporation, MG-745-TCE, 2009.]