RAND Europe has performed a study for the Dutch Ministry of Education, Culture and Science. This study aims to increase the understanding regarding the influence of societal developments and policy initiatives on the attractiveness and uptake of science and technology (S&T) in higher education. This study consists of an international comparison across six European countries, examining how students make decisions about entering a certain study and assessing whether and how policies are addressing these factors. The report concludes with a set of recommendations to improve the low uptake of S&T in the Netherlands. (Two appendixes are included: (1) Specific Groups in the Student Population; and (2) Summary of Policy Measures. Contains 42 footnotes, 14 figures and 23 tables.) [Prepared for the Dutch Ministry of Education, Culture and Science. For associated summary, see ED502763.]