Career and technical education (CTE) in Pennsylvania faces a dual challenge. CTE programs must prepare students for careers in the 21st century and the new knowledge economy. Simultaneously, CTE must meet or exceed academic expectations and standards required of all students. This report summarizes the findings and recommendations of Jobs for the Future (JFF) regarding secondary career and technical education in Pennsylvania. After describing their methodology, the authors briefly characterize Pennsylvania career and technical education system and then highlight major policy trends in other states that are grappling with how to improve the outcomes of their secondary CTE systems. They focus on recommendations for the Commonwealth to adopt to improve the quality of secondary career and technical education and strengthen its role in supporting academic and technical achievement. JFF's recommendations to improve the Commonwealth's CTE system are far-reaching and will require significant changes in state and district policy if structural reforms are to be sustainable over the long term. To implement these changes successfully will require strong gubernatorial leadership and a combination of legislative action, executive orders, and changes in departmental policies and local practices. (Contains 2 tables and 4 endnotes.)