This volume describes the technical aspects of TIMSS 2003 and summarizes the main activities involved in the development of the data collection instruments, the data collection itself, and the analysis and reporting of the data. The thirteen chapters contained herein are: (1) Overview of TIMSS 2003 (Michael O. Martin and Ina V. S. Mullis); (2) Developing the TIMSS 2003 Mathematics and Science Assessment and Scoring Guides (Teresa Smith Neidorf and Robert Garden); (3) Developing the TIMSS 2003 Background Questionnaires (Steven J. Chrostowski); (4) Translation and Cultural Adaptation of the TIMSS 2003 Instruments (Steven J. Chrostowski and Barbara Malak); (5) TIMSS 2003 Sampling Design (Pierre Foy and Marc Joncas); (6) TIMSS 2003 Survey Operations Procedures (Juliane Barth, Eugenio J. Gonzalez, and Oliver Neuschmidt); (7) Quality Assurance in the TIMSS 2003 Data Collection (Eugenio J. Gonzalez and Dana Diaconu); (8) Creating and Checking the TIMSS 2003 Database (Juliane Barth, Ralph Carstens, and Oliver Neuschmidt); (9) TIMSS 2003 Sampling Weights and Participation Rates (Marc Joncas); (10) Item Analysis and Review (Ina V. S. Mullis, Michael O. Martin, and Dana Diaconu); (11) Scaling Methods and Procedures for the TIMSS 2003 Mathematics and Science Scales (Eugenio J. Gonzalez, Joseph Galia, and Isaac Li); (12) Reporting Student Achievement in Mathematics and Science (Eugenio J. Gonzalez, Joseph Galia, Alka Arora, Ebru Erberber, and Dana Diaconu); and (13) Reporting TIMSS 2003 Questionnaire Data (Maria Jose Ramirez and Alka Arora). Appended are: (1)Acknowledgements; (2) Characteristics of National Samples; (3) Country Adaptations to Items and Item Scoring; (4) Item Parameters for IRT Analyses of TIMSS 2003 Data; and (5) Summary Statistics and Standard Errors for Proficiency in Mathematics and Science Content Areas in the Eighth and Fourth Grades. (Each chapter and appendix contains exhibits and references.) [This book was also published by TIMSS & PIRLS International Study Center, Lynch School of Education, Boston College.]