The Institute for the Advancement of Emerging Technologies in Education (IAETE), housed at Edvantia's Appalachia Educational Laboratory, addressed the need to assess technology literacy in an e-mail-based panel held during one week in September 2005. The conversation began with the importance of defining technology literacy, identifying a range of definitions rather than precise limits. There was, however, consensus that ICT literacy--which can be viewed as one component of technological literacy--implies both basic computer skills and the cognitive abilities associated with using those tools for learning and communication. The panelists then turned to the emerging possibilities for assessing via simulation, the new design processes needed for any computer-based assessment, and the lack of research to assist assessment developers in this new territory. The Soapbox forums sponsor discussion among educators, education researchers, technology industry leaders, and others interested in technology's role in advancing education. [This document was produced by the Appalachia Educational Laboratory at Edvantia, formerly the Appalachian Educational Laboratory (AEL, Inc.).]