This paper provides a background and discussion regarding tobacco-free schools. The paper is intended to enhance discussion about the health benefits to children who attend schools that have a comprehensive tobacco-free school policy. The benefits to the personal health of students are both direct and environmental. Direct health benefits from a tobacco-free school policy are achieved via effective and appropriate health instruction that informs students of the health consequences of tobacco use, thus helping to reduce or eliminate tobacco use behaviors among youth. Environmental health benefits from a tobacco-free school policy are achieved via the elimination of second-hand smoke, a known risk factor for tobacco-related health problems. [Report prepared for the Montana Board of Public Education by the Montana Healthy Schools Network and the Office of Public Instruction's Division of Health Enhancement and Safety.]