A study examined how technology is being used in "youth at risk" programs through a survey sent to programs in the technical and further education and adult and community sector in New South Wales. About 214 surveys were sent with a response rate of 18 percent. Findings and issues arising from a literature review and the survey may be summarized under these headings: definitions of youth at risk; voice of youth; reasons for early school leaving; effects of early school leaving; fragmentation of services; access to technology; and need for professional development. The literature review, survey data, and participants at youth conferences were in agreement about what makes for effective youth programs, which includes: early intervention; collaborative partnerships; coordination between services and agencies; individual and long-term case management; small teacher/student ratios; empathetic staff, including those on the front desk; a broader, more practical and flexible curriculum; positive, youth-friendly or adult learning environments; placing youth workers in schools and teachers in youth centers; adequate food, shelter, and clothing; removing artificial or legislative barriers that impede appropriate service delivery; a central agency to provide information and support for youth and families; funding systems that respond to local needs as part of a holistic approach; and a national commitment to youth. (Appendixes include 28 references; observations; and survey and results.) (YLB)