This paper presents an annotated bibliography of 69 articles published in the 1990s that examine the impact of technology on reference service in public, school, and academic libraries. The paper is organized in the following seven parts, each dealing with a different type of application of technology: (1) "General Change Caused by Technology"; (2) "Formats of Reference Information," including CD-ROMs, geographic information systems, graphics, vertical files, and the World Wide Web; (3) "Remote Delivery of Information"; (4) "Use of Remote Resources in the Reference Transaction"; (5) "Reference Collection Development"; (6) "Connecting Reference Librarians to Remote Users," including e-mail, multi-user object oriented, videoconferencing, and Web forms; and (7) "Miscellaneous," including attitudes and behavior, professional collaboration, scheduling, and instruction. Each part begins with a brief overview that gives history, definition, or details on major issues. Several observations are offered about the literature of the 1990s in regard to technology and its effect on reference services. (MES)