This paper relies on documentary analysis available from primary and secondary data to identify policies that were put in place to arrest the shift of the Tanzanian educational system during the last decade of the 20th century from "Education for Self Reliance" to "Education and Training Policy"; to pick one policy and develop a discussion about how an issue was implemented in the educational system and in the larger system; and briefly to argue for the political and educational contexts of the policy and to examine the implementation issues. It also makes recommendations for further research to help Tanzanian education in the 21st century. Includes a definition of terms. (Contains 6 notes, 2 tables, 1 diagram, 3 figures, and 21 references.) (BT)