This review of the literature on aggression and violence in girls, especially girls in Canada, begins with data showing increasing rates of assault and other violent crimes by Canadian girls, although the rate for girls continues to be much less than for boys (a fact possibly responsible for the small amount of research on this population). The paper then provides definitions of "aggression,""violence,""bullying," and "conduct disorder". Discussion then addresses why girls engage in aggression and violence, family dynamics and parental relationships, school difficulties, mental health issues and personality factors, problematic cognitive and social factors, negative self-representation, atypical physiological responses, drug involvement, connections to non-prosocial peers, adolescents' urge to rebel, gender issues, alleviating boredom, and attention-seeking. Five characteristics more common in violent girls than either non-violent girls or both violent and non-violent boys are identified, including having been attacked while going to or from school and sexual abuse. A table compares myths and realities about violent girls. The final section addresses prevention and offers guidelines on working with girls, working with boys, working with parents, and working with schools and communities. (Contains approximately 100 references.) (DB)