The equality of the opportunities available to males and females in Germany's labor market was examined. The study compared employment patterns among women and men and the extent to which selected discretionary benefits of Germany's Federal Employment Service benefit women and men. Selected results were as follows: (1) women are under-represented in integration and recruitment subsidies compared with their share of the unemployed but over-represented in measures of vocational training and job creation measures; (2) especially in western Germany, long-term unemployed women are more strongly under-represented in integration and recruitment subsidies than are women overall; (3) older women are over-represented in measures of further vocational training and job-creation measures; (4) in some cases, the employment status rates of women are clearly higher in western Germany; (5) women's rates of successful integration into the labor market after completing further training are lower than those of men; and (6) women in eastern Germany assess the benefit of the training measures for taking up employment more critically than women in western Germany do. The study recommendations included calls for a gender-specific monitoring system of Germany's employment and training schemes and for inclusion of women in integration and recruitment subsidy schemes. (Six tables/figures and 40 references are included.) (MN)