This paper--part of a collection of 54 papers from the 48th annual conference of the Education Law Association held in November 2002--is an outline of a presentation on monitoring the activities of students and school personnel. The dilemma, according to this paper, is that public schools are obliged to prevent persons under their supervision from causing harm to others. Yet satisfying such responsibilities increasingly requires more active, and sometimes intrusive, means of supervising and monitoring the activities of students and school personnel. The first section of the outline describes the nature of the dilemma. The next section examines events and factors that may influence public perceptions of schools responsibilities. The next section discusses legal duties that can encourage heightened supervision and monitoring. The next section examines relevant legal authority and includes analyses of litigation involving employee polygraph protection and privacy rights and technology. The next section presents negligence theories that may affect schools use of monitoring technology. The final section discusses the use of technology to monitor student and employee activities, touching upon monitoring of email and Internet usage, video surveillance cameras, and metal detectors. (WFA)