This reference guide outlines what is new for educational programs under the No Child Left Behind (NCLB) Act of 2001. It also describes how the NCLB's four guiding principles--(1) focus on what works; (2) reduce bureaucracy and increase flexibility; (3) increase accountability for student performance; and (4) empower parents--are brought to bear on many of these programs. The purpose of this guide is to provide an overview of policy changes and emphases for state and district officials. The guide is organized into 10 sections corresponding to titles of the act: I, Improving the Academic Achievement of the Disadvantaged; II, Preparing, Training, and Recruiting High Quality Teachers and Principals; III, Language Instruction for Limited English Proficient and Immigrant Students; IV, 21st Century Schools; V, Promoting Informed Parental Choice and Innovative Programs; VI, Flexibility and Accountability; VII, Indian, Native Hawaiian, and Alaskan Native Education; VIII Impact Aid Program; IX, General Provision; and X, Repeals, Redesignations, and Amendments to Other Statutes. For each program, the guide discusses its purpose, what is new for that program under NCLB, key requirements, and, if appropriate, how the program achieves quality, how quality or performance is measured, and key activities for state education agencies. (WFA)