A survey of state Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) policies toward postsecondary training or education (PSE) shows that at least 40 states allow more access to PSE than would be countable under the House-passed reauthorization bill (H.R.4737). If it were enacted, these states would likely have to change their policies to reduce access to avoid penalties. Further, at least 23 states allow more access than is countable toward federal work rates under current law, possibly because of the caseload reduction credit. If in reauthorization Congress increases effective work participation rates by changing the caseload reduction credit and the rates themselves and does not extend the time that training counts toward work rates, these 23 states are also likely to have to reduce access to PSE. Extending the amount of time that vocational education and training counts toward federal work rates, from 12 to 24 months, would allow most states to continue their current policies. Despite recent research on welfare-to-work strategies that shows access to training is an essential component if programs are to have a lasting impact, current law discourages states from placing recipients in training because of the limits on the extent to which vocational training counts toward work rates and because of the emphasis on caseload reduction. (The two-page report is followed by two tables: state TANF policies toward PSE, and PSE as TANF work activity by state.) (YLB)