In schools, the learning and optimal development of children with adaptive or behavioral problems may be seriously affected. In many schools, such problems are so prevalent that demand time and energy of the educators may dilute the educational experience of all children. This study examines the impact of the Primary Mental Health Project-- a research-based, selective program. This early detection and prevention program for preschool and primary grades was implemented by the Jefferson County Public Schools. The Teacher-Child Rating Scale was used as a pre- and posttest measure for the participating students in the treatment schools. This study indicated that the school district participants had statistically significant positive scores in four critical domains: task orientation; behavior control; assertiveness; and peer sociability. Implications for policy and future research are discussed. Appendixes include rating scales and data. (Contains 19 references and 7 tables.) (GCP)