This brief document provides information about the nationwide reading initiative, Reading First, in the No Child Left Behind Act of 2001. Reading First is a focused effort to improve reading skills of students in kindergarten through third grade. First, information is provided on unique characteristics of the Reading First program and requirements concerning state applications for Reading First funds, state use of funds, and program evaluation and reporting requirements. Next, key components of state initiatives are described. These include a state level reading leadership team, use of scientifically based reading research, high quality professional development, use of valid and reliable assessments, use of reading programs with a coherent design in accord with scientifically based reading research, and accountability. Also considered is the role of state departments of education. The efforts of one state, Pennsylvania, are highlighted and include the involvement of special education personnel. Finally, the Early Reading First program, aimed at preschool children from low income families, is briefly described. (Contains 12 references.) (DB)