Multi-year applied research studied operations and outcomes of six employment initiatives that developed industry-based approaches to workforce development. Findings from the longitudinal survey of 732 individuals indicated participants in sectoral programs improved their position within local labor markets; increased wages, hours worked, and overall income; and received improved benefits. Factors contributing to effective industry-based training for program participants were designing effective screening processes that build on industry knowledge; developing training content and culture that reflect industry norms; fitting training to the student; and tailored and flexible support during and after training. Program services directly benefitting industry were training; recruiting; and management and consulting services. Program attributes that led to value added for employers were that new businesses relied on sector programs to connect them with partners who could increase sales and manufacturing volume and that advocacy by sector programs led to industry retention and improvement of operating conditions for business. Observations and recommendations were made regarding strategies for making work pay for low-income job seekers; policy issues related to industry-based workforce development; and opportunities to improve practice and expand impact. Appendixes include the study methodology; rogram profiles; and a list of 19 related publications. (YLB)