Gender differences in faculty productivity, satisfaction, and salary were studied using 2 large datasets, the 1999 Higher Education Research Institute Faculty Survey (n=55,081) and the 1993 National Study of Postsecondary Faculty (n=25,780). Findings show very little evidence of gender differences in productivity, especially at the lower productivity levels. Although the gender gap remains at the higher productivity levels, among faculty at universities women are more likely than men to have published between one and 4 articles over the past 2 years. Overall job satisfaction for male and female faculty members was virtually identical, but differences in stress and rank are apparent. The area that shows the greatest difference between men and women is salary. Men and women are paid differently, although the reasons why are not so clear. The best way to change the culture and practices of higher education to enable female faculty members to be full-fledged members of the academy is to examine and adjust the reward structure to be fair and equitable for all. (SLD)