This Kids Count census brief is the first in a series to offer policymakers concise glimpses of Kansas' children and families. The brief's introduction notes significant changes in the child population during the past decade: approximately one-half of Kansas' child population is concentrated in five counties; the state's child population grew by 8 percent, but the relative proportion of children in the population remained stable; although many counties experienced a decline in the birth-to-age-5 population, many counties also experienced an increase in the oldest age group, 15-17; and the state's child population has seen an increase in the number of multi-racial children and rapid growth of the Hispanic population. The remaining sections of the brief detail each of the preceding findings, including state maps with all counties illustrating the data. The brief concludes with policy implications of the data in the areas of allocation of resources and social service delivery. (HTH)