The Early Intervention Programme (EIP) was launched in Scotland in June 1997 to raise literacy and numeracy skills in primary years 1 and 2, particularly among disadvantaged students. This report summarizes findings from the program evaluation conducted over 3 years. The evaluation concluded that the EIP had an enormous impact on many schools in Scotland, with attainment rising overall, particularly in literacy; on average, the gap between socioeconomically advantaged and disadvantaged students remained, but the increase in reading attainment was greater for the most disadvantaged students in those local authorities where a policy was adopted of focusing the available resources on fewer of their schools. The evaluation also found positive benefits for teacher attitudes and teaching methods and findings suggest several recommendations. (EV)