This paper discusses the potential role of librarians in user education and training in the context of knowledge management (KM) initiatives. The paper first summarizes the results of a recent study of KM systems that found a high failure and disappointment rate, with more than half of the failures attributable to inadequate user training and education. The following two background issues are reviewed: the importance of rich communications, browsing, and serendipity; and the phenomenon that information workers, from researchers to managers, tend to consistently spend 20-25% of their work time in information seeking. User education and training are summarized for two KM domains, i.e., directed information/knowledge search and serendipity/browsing. Recommendations for the role of the librarian in user education and training are offered for three KM strategies (i.e., harvesting, hunting, and harnessing/hypothesizing): teaching database searching; teaching database mining; training users on the use of current awareness services; and teaching the use of groupware. The following key lessons for librarians are listed: (1) design the training and user education program first; (2) train users for directed information and knowledge search; (3) facilitate serendipity and browsing; (4) call it, and think of it, as "coaching," not user training or education; and (5) don't just show how--tell why. (Contains 14 references.) (MES)