Parents' Fair Share (PFS) was a national demonstration program to help low-income noncustodial parents find more stable and better-paying jobs, pay child support consistently, and become more involved parents. PFS provided the following services: employment and training services; peer support groups; voluntary mediation between parents; and modified child support enforcement. PFS's effectiveness was evaluated in 1994-1996 by randomly assigning each of more than 5,500 fathers to PFS or a control group. PFS increased employment and earnings for the least-employable men but not for those who were more able to find work on their own. PFS encouraged some fathers to assume a more active parenting role. Men referred to PFS paid more child support than men in the control group. The following were among the recommendations regarding future programs: (1) structure the program to encourage longer-term participation and to include job retention services; (2) increase fathers' access to their children by involving custodial mothers in the programs and providing the fathers with legal services to gain visitation rights; and (3) mandate fathers' participation in employment-related activities to increase payments among low-income caseloads. (A discussion of PFS' effects on children is appended. Thirty-three references and 11 publications from the PFS demonstration are listed.) (MN)