The Hispanic community has experienced an increased occurrence in the number of HIV cases. Five premises are suggested as the means to examine the increasing rate of HIV among Hispanics. They focus on condom use; income and education levels; secondary sexual partners among Hispanic males; traditional gender roles; and outreach efforts. The premises that Hispanic men do not use condoms and that lower income, less educated Hispanics are at higher risk for HIV were supported by the research. This literature review confirms the premise that Hispanic women are at high risk due to the sexual practices of their mates. Also supported is the notion that traditional gender roles and stereotypes contribute to the spread of HIV. Despite limitations in sampling, assessment measures, and other variables, this review of the literature gathered several suggestions for future research. Information is needed on whether finances play a part in the lack of HIV information. Empowering women to encourage condom use could decrease the HIV risk. Outreach programs need to be a primary focus of research and of community intervention. (Contains 21 references.) (JDM)