This report identifies what policies can be effective in eliminating hard-core unemployment in Dublin and preventing its re-emergence in a new generation. An executive summary precedes the main body of the report. Chapter 1 describes the background of economic boom against which the persistence of long-term unemployment appears paradoxical; outlines various ways of counting unemployment; describes the nature of the problem of long-term unemployment and obstacles to its solution; and highlights concentrations of deprivation and disadvantage in particular areas for targeting. Chapter 2 analyzes barriers preventing long-term unemployed people from accessing work or training, including withdrawal from the labor force, poor education and skills, negative past experience, employer links, recruitment practices, interaction of welfare and work, addressing multiple needs, job induction and aftercare, transport and distance, and childcare and working hours. Chapter 3 is a qualitative assessment of principal national initiatives on unemployment, including Community Employment, Whole-Time Job Initiative, supported work option, tax and welfare schemes to encourage the move from welfare to work, FAS (Foras Aiseanna Saothair) training, return to education programs, and Employment Action Plan. Chapter 4, "Local Initiatives--Key Lessons from Best practice," covers area partnerships, common themes from local projects, and seven key success factors. Chapter 5 recommends action to solve long-term unemployment. Appendixes include: Selected Tables on Unemployment; Concentrations and Clusters of Deprivation; Partnership Activity in Dublin, 1998; Selected Case Studies of Local Innovation; and a Guide to Some of the Local Projects Tackling Unemployment. (Contains 134 references, 47 tables, and a key to abbreviations used.) (YLB) (YLB)