Educational Testing Service (ETS) research highlights more similarities than variations in gender differences among student racial/groups, though variations exist in how the differences are manifested. This digest presents highlights from Richard Coley's findings in "Differences in the Gender Gap: Comparisons across Racial/Ethnic Groups in Education and Work." Coley's review covered results on the National Assessment of Educational Progress over the past decade. This digest also presents information about gender differences from a sample of high school students who intended to enroll in college. Overall, the issue of gender difference in academic outcomes is complicated. Lack of conclusive findings about a gender gap in achievement, as measured by standardized tests, suggests that there is no systematic disenfranchisement of students by sex, although traditional gender differences in course selection and subject-specific achievement persist. Differences in educational access and attainment among students of different races/ethnicities are more apparent, with whites far more likely to take college preparatory courses and complete college. Despite efforts to ensure test fairness, student differences inevitably render some tests unfair. Research indicates that more intensive effort is needed to eliminate educational inequities, particularly among black and Hispanic males who lag behind females in college completion. (SM)