This document provides an introduction to supervision as a psychodynamic psychotherapy training method. The theoretical orientation of supervisor and supervisee, as well as the style of the supervisor are reviewed. The concept of parallel process in supervision and its importance for parallels between psychodynamic therapy and psychodynamic supervision are explained. A comprehensive review is provided of the theoretical constructs and of some empirical studies regarding the existence of parallel process in supervision. It points out that supervision and dynamic psychotherapy are helping processes, which require the involvement of the self and rely heavily on a multiple identificatory process to achieve effectiveness. Recommendations are provided for the facilitative application of the parallel process in supervision of therapists. The role of supervision as a risk management tool is emphasized. Further research into the effectiveness of supervision is necessary and should be accompanied by the development of appropriate supervisory programs to raise awareness of the problems that arise during the supervision process. (JDM)