Those who come from non-American Indian cultures have dominated traditional models for healing and prevention. The assumption that current training strategies, program manuals, and levels of competence with regard to cross-cultural skills and knowledge are sufficient is arguable. If training programs for mental health, physical health, and substance abuse programs genuinely intend to integrate the sociocultural environment, it is imperative that they begin to define community, prevention, networking, collaboration, and healing as they relate to cultural understanding and awareness. Treatments must incorporate all elements of healing and prevention, and include persons from within the cultural context and community to offer appropriate interpretations and analyses. Ideally, the process will be ever-expanding and inclusive of the role of culture, context, community, and competence. It is incumbent on practitioners to seek and understand American Indian cultures and to support existing Native practices of healing and prevention. Prevention and intervention concepts are often embedded in traditional ceremonies that involve the individual in community-wide problem solving and healing. The integration of traditional healing practices with contemporary healers can create a blend of realistic and culturally congruent services. (TD)