This report describes research undertaken to assess the attitudes of teenagers and those who most influence them--their parents, teachers, and school principals. The research attempted to identify factors that could increase or diminish the likelihood teenagers would use cigarettes, alcohol, or illegal drugs. Parents were identified as the key to keeping adolescents drug-free. The more parents were hands-on, that is the more they established appropriate rules and standards of behavior plus monitored their teenagers, the lower the youth's risk of substance abuse. Chapter 1 discusses key findings and establishes the relationship between hands-on parents and their teenagers' risk of substance use. Chapter 2 explains how the risk of teen substance abuse was calculated. Chapter 3 discusses positive effects of a strong parent-child relationship, the family structure, and ethnicity. Chapter 4 relates the relationship of hands-on parents to family structure. Chapter 5 explains why the happenings at school and after school are important. Chapter 6 describes additional findings. Appendixes include a sample performance, survey methodology, and survey results. (JDM)