Based on the view that children cannot and should not be categorized into chronological age groups, this guide focuses on children's personal, social, and emotional development and dispositions. The guide encourages educators in early years settings in Scotland to view each child as an individual and to be prepared for the less developmentally mature child and to adjust the atmosphere, rhythm, and daily practices of the center when necessary to support the needs of children at different stages of development. Section 1 of the guide notes that when children come into a new environment, they need time to "settle in," and that throughout the year, as younger children enter early years settings, the rhythm and pace of the setting needs to be redefined to accommodate them as they settle into the established routine. Section 2, comprising the bulk of the book, describes the competencies, needs, and rights of the developing child and discusses four areas of development: personal or self, social, emotional, and dispositions or interests. Examples of children in early years settings are presented, along with questions and suggestions for teachers and for teams related to educational practice. Section 3 focuses on how educators can support children who are developmentally mature and settled into the routine while also supporting those who are exploring a new environment. Section 4 provides topics for early years team discussion regarding the center and day-to-day practices. Lists 12 titles for further reading. (KB)