This report presents data from the 1996 Census of Canada concerning educational attainment, educational success, and labor market outcomes among Aboriginal people and others in Canada. There has been clear educational progress among registered Indians over the past decade, particularly in high school completion and postsecondary participation. Nevertheless, Aboriginal people in Canada, especially registered Indians, continue to experience less success than others. One consistent finding is that registered Indians take longer to reach a given level of attainment, but are more willing to continue or complete their education at an older age, compared to others. The result is that for many of the dimensions examined, registered Indians ages 15-24 show a particularly large gap versus others of the same age, but the gap narrows among older age groups. Postsecondary education, particularly when it includes certification, has a major positive influence on employment, labor market activity, and income among various Aboriginal groups. Age, educational attainment, and gender account for some but not all of the differences in labor market and income characteristics between Aboriginal groups and other Canadians. Focusing on the early preparation of Aboriginal students and on the social and economic context within which education takes place may strengthen the gains that have been made in postsecondary education. Appendices show highest level of schooling by age, gender, and identity group, and figures concerning postsecondary participation and characteristics of registered Indians. (Contains 46 data tables and 37 figures.) (TD)