This paper discusses the occurrence of challenging behaviors in adult men dually diagnosed with cerebral palsy and mental retardation, the dynamics that underlie problematic interactions with staff and peers, and strategies with which to address these behaviors. The vicious cycle that occurs when a client with cerebral palsy and mental retardation responds aggressively to a perceived provocation of a staff member, resulting in a punitive response from the support person, is described. Risk factors for aggressive behavior are also identified, including the presence of an organized brain syndrome, a history of institutionalization, being male, and a previous history of aggression. The need to treat aggressive clients for possible depression and low self-esteem is emphasized. The paper concludes with three clinical vignettes that illustrate the types of problems and obstacles that often confront men with cerebral palsy. All three men were being treated with medication to address their aggression, as well as with behavioral programming, and yet were still manifesting aggressive behaviors on a regular basis. Counseling focusing on active and empathetic listening, teaching of relaxation techniques, group counseling, and individual counseling resulted in decreased aggression, improved peer relationships, and increased self-esteem. (Contains 26 references.) (CR)