Although library literature reflects more than two decades of interest in collaborative planning between library media specialists and teachers, and although library media specialists are well-trained to perform in this capacity, there are still fewer examples of instructional partnerships than may be expected. However, commitment to the goal remains strong. This ERIC digest focuses on the research literature addressing these collaborative relationships, noting the results of a study by the Library Service Center of the Colorado State Library which offer the most recent support for library media specialists and teachers working collaboratively, as well as a significant number of prior studies that indicate a positive relationship between the library media program and academic achievement. Following a definition of collaboration, the roles of each partner and the benefits, conditions favorable to collaborative partnerships are outlined in terms of administrative and interpersonal factors. (Contains 25 references.) (AEF)