Equipped for the Future (EFF) is a standards-based system reform initiative aimed at improving the quality and outcomes of the adult literacy and lifelong learning delivery systems. It is predicated on the concept that the skills adult learners need for success as parents, workers, and citizens go beyond the basic academic skills traditionally targeted by adult education programs. Performance-based assessment is an approach to assessment that is congruent with EFF's emphasis on real-world performance. This paper introduces instructors who are using the EFF Standards to specific performance-based assessment methods that show promise for measuring progress. Following an introduction that explains EFF and the use of performance-based assessment, the report contains five additional sections. Section 2 describes the key characteristics of effective performance-based assessment methods. Section 3 provides specific examples of performance-based assessment methods. Section 4 describes how to evaluate or score student performance on performance-based assessment tasks and how to explain results to adult learners and others. Section 5 describes how to develop performance-based assessment tasks and prepare students for them. Finally, Section 6 discusses the role of performance-based assessment for purposes of instruction and accountability. (KC)