This report pulls together recent research from the Centers for Disease Control, leading medical and public health journals, and firsthand observations by pediatricians across the country on the link between affordable housing and children's health and outcomes. Also included are the most recent data from the America Housing Survey, the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD), the National Housing Trust, the U.S. Conference of Mayors, and city and county consolidated plans on the many children growing up in housing that is substandard, unaffordable, or dangerous. Following an executive summary, the report discusses five consequences to children's health of poor housing: asthma and respiratory disease, chronic illness, injuries, lead poisoning, and homelessness. The report also describes how poor housing increases malnutrition among children and undermines their education. The report concludes with these recommendations: (1) increase Section 8 vouchers; (2) protect the existing affordable housing stock; (3) increase the low-income housing tax credit; (4) ensure affordable housing for kids with severe asthma or chronic diseases; and (5) eliminate the shelter deduction cap. (EV)