This report, the fourth in the National Center for Early Development and Learning's (NCEDL) "Spotlights" series, is based on excerpts from a paper presented during a "Research into Practice in Infant/Toddler Care" synthesis conference in fall 1997. The report addresses controlling diarrhea in out-of-home child care. The report notes that the rate of diarrheal disease in children cared for out of the home is two to three times that in children cared for at home, and that one study puts the mean cost per episode of diarrhea at $289, while another finds an average cost of $172 per child-year. The report offers several suggestions for controlling and preventing diarrheal disease in child care environments, such as: (1) food preparation areas should be completely separate from diapering and toilet areas; (2) use of potty chairs should be discouraged; and (3) surfaces should be designed and built for ease of cleaning. The report offers administrative measures for controlling diarrhea, such as excluding children with diarrhea from the center, and concludes with a note about the recent approval by the FDA of "Rotashield," a tetravalent, live oral rotavirus vaccine for preventing diarrhea due to rotavirus. (EV)