This monograph summarizes discussions focusing on postsecondary diversity at two regional meetings attended by senior representatives of 22 state higher education agencies. The meetings addressed the effects of recent challenges to affirmative action and discussed the actions institutions are taking or are contemplating in the face of these challenges. Research on the economic value of and differential access to higher education is summarized, as are influences on state policy environments by such events as lawsuits challenging affirmative action admissions and student aid policies, voter referenda modifying state affirmative action laws, and higher education board policies eliminating affirmative action programs. Current state initiatives discussed include strategic plans for diversity, K-16 initiatives, teacher education, early outreach, need-based student aid and state scholarship programs, merit-based programs, communications, coordination with business leaders, and public relations. The report also summarizes a recent research study suggesting admissions guidelines which consider a student's likely long-term contribution to society. Finally, eight specific research subjects (such as characteristics of effective early outreach programs) and seven action steps (such as aligning K-12 and postsecondary education) are recommended. An appendix lists recent policy activities in selected states. (Contains 25 endnotes.) (DB)